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International Journal of Recent Trends in Science and Technology, ISSN 2277-2812 E-ISSN: 2249-8109
Volume 16, Issue 2, Sept 2015 pp 321-324
Research Article
Prevalence and outcome of cerebrovascular disease: A hospital based study
Dilip Patil1, Sunil V Chaudhari2
1Associate Professor, 2Professor, Department of Medicine, Dr Ulhas Patil Medical College and Hospital, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, INDIA.
Abstract
Introduction: According to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study and it was seen that cerebrovascular diseases ranked as the second leading cause of death after ischemic heart disease. Many risk factors for stroke have been described. They may refer to inherent biological traits such as age and sex, physiological characteristics that predict future occurrence such as high blood pressure, serum cholesterol, fibrinogen; behaviors such as smoking, diet, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity; social characteristics such as education, social class and ethnicity; and environmental factors that may be physical (temperature, altitude), geographical, or psychosocial Aims and Objectives: To study the prevalence and outcome of cerebrovascular disease observed in a tertiary care institute. Materials and Method: The present retrospective record based study was conducted in the department of medicine of Dr Ulhas Patil Medical College and Hospital, Jalgaon. For the purpose of study records from January 2014 from to December 2014 were studied. All the patients admitted in the medicine ward for various conductions were enrolled in the study. Out of them patients with cerebrovascular disease were studied in detail. In the year 2014 total 6791 patients were admitted in the medicine ward and out of them 59 were diagnosed to be suffering from cerebrovascular disease. The detail information of each case was entered in a prestructured proforma, which includes age, sex and presenting complaints. Details about general and systemic examination were also recorded. History of associated risk factors was also recorded. The outcome and total hospital stay was also calculated for each patient and was compared with the age and sex of patients. The collected data was entered in Microsoft excel and was analyzed and presented with appropriate tables and graphs. Results: The prevalence of cerebro vascular disease was 8.69/1000 cases in the study population. Majority of the cases of CVA were diagnosed in patients with age more than 50 years of age. Male predominance was observed in the study with2.11:1 male to female ratio. 32.20% patients recovered completely during the hospital stay whereas 27.12% improved and were discharged and were kept on regular follow-up. 32.20% patients were discharged against medical advice and shifted to other hospitals by their relatives. Hence their follow up was lost. 8.47% patients expired during the course of treatment. Mortality was more in age more than 50 years. Whereas the rate of recovery was more in younger patients. It was seen that al the 5 cases expired in the study were male. Conclusion: Thus we conclude that prevalence of cerebro vascular disease was 8.69/1000 cases. Case fatality rate was observed to be 8.47% but the proportion of lost follow up patients was high (32.20%) due to discharge against medical advice. Increasing age and male sex were the observed to be associated with high prevalence of cerebro vascular disease and also affecting the outcome of disease.
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