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International Journal of Recent Trends in Science and Technology, ISSN 2277-2812 E-ISSN: 2249-8109

Volume 10, Issue 1, February 2014 pp 124-129

Research Article

Perinatal Outcome in Hypertensive Mothers: A Prospective Study in a Rural Tertiary Hospital

Suguna S.¹, Suman Fathima², R. Raghavendra³, Nisarga⁴

¹Assistant professor, ^2,3PG Students, ⁴Professor, Department of Pediatrics

Academic Editor : Dr. Aher K.R.

 Introduction: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are one of the most common medical complications occurring during pregnancy and leading to higher perinatal morbidity and mortality.Hence the study was undertaken to study the perinatal outcomes. Material and Methods: A prospective study to evaluate the perinatal outcome in mothers with hypertensive disease during pregnancy in Adichunchanigiri Institute of Medical Sciences, over a period of 16 months. Statistical analysis done using SPSS and results obtained. Results: During the study period, 1000 mothers delivered out of which 130 had hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, incidence being 13%. Cases of gestational hypertension(GH) and pre-eclampsia(PE) constituted 59(45.38%) each and eclampsia(E) and chronic hypertension(CH) constituted 9(6.92%) and 3(2.66%) respectively. Primigravida women constituted 74(56.92%) of which,PE was developed in 31(41.89%) and Eclampsia in 5(6.75%). Term deliveries were observed in mothers with GH,PE and CH whereas Preterm deliveries in mothers of SeverePE,Imminent Eclampsia and eclampsia groups with statistical significance( p=0.004). Seventy four(56.9%)births needed intervention in the form of Cesarean section,fetal distress being the most common indication and that also associated with oligohydramnios. Sixty eight (52.36%)of the babies were lowbirth weight.There was a significant association (p=0.02) between grades of GH and gestational age. LBW babies were born to women with preeclampsia,constituting 57.35%(p =0.016). Overall preterm births were 48(36.9%) and the babies born to women with pre-eclampsia presented a higher percentage(60%).This shows a significant association between prematurity and severity of gestational hypertension levels (p=0.004). Intrauterine growth retarded babies constituted 37(28.46%).Birth weight and gestational age had statistically significant correlation with p =0.000.Intrauterine fetal demise constituted 13(10%) and 3( 2.3%) delivered still borns,constituting a mortality of 12.30%. Conclusion: Incidence of low birth weight,IUGR and prematurity remains significantly high in babies born to mothers with GH, which was more common in primigravidae, with majority developing pre-eclampsia and needing intervention to ensure delivery of the baby at appropriate time, to improve perinatal outcome.