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International Journal of Recent Trends in Science and Technology, ISSN 2277-2812 E-ISSN: 2249-8109

Volume 11, Issue 1, May 2014 pp 73-77

Research Article

Association between Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Clinicobiochemical Study

Kalpana U. Rakshit¹, Neelima Rajhans², Pankaj Kamble³, Nilkanth Mhaske⁴,  Nikesh Moolya⁵,

Sudeep HM⁶

{¹Post Graduate Student, ²Professor and Head, ⁴Associate Professor, ⁵Reader, ⁶Senior Lecturer}

Department of Periodontics, Yashwantrao Chavan Medical Memorial and Rural Development Foundations Dental College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, INDIA.

Academic Editor : Dr. Aher K.R.

Introduction: The periodontal tissues mount an immune inflammatory response to bacteria and their products and the systemic challenge with these agents also induce a major vascular response. Oral infection models have emerged as useful tools to study the hypothesis that infection is a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. Periodontal infections are a leading culprit, with studies reporting associations between periodontal disease and CVD. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on a group of 50 individuals aged 30 to 65 years, divided in five different groups depending on the type of cardiovascular disease diagnosed. These five groups were: Ischemic heart disease, bacterial endocarditis, Congestive cardiac failure, valvular heart disease and cardiomyopathies. The dental investigations comprised of Ramjford’s periodontal disease severity index and clinical attachment level Laboratory investigations were done for lipid profile analysis. Observations and Results: Ramjford’s disease severity index showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between Bacterial endocarditis and Valvular heart disease. This index also showed significant positive correlation with total cholesterol, triglycerides and VLDL and showed negative correlation with HDL. Attachment level was not significant between Valvular heart disease and Cardiomyopathies. However, it showed positive correlation with total cholesterol. Lipid profile showed dyslipidaemia with Ischemic Heart Disease. Conclusion: The study concludes that Bacterial endocarditis and Ischemic heart diseases have severe degree of periodontitis as compared to Valvular heart diseases, cardiomyopathies and congestive cardiac failure.