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International Journal of Recent Trends in Science and Technology, ISSN 2277-2812 E-ISSN: 2249-8109

Volume 11, Issue 3, July 2014 pp 407-408

Research Article

Study of effect of 2% cromolyn sodium in Vernal keratoconjunctivitis

Awargaonkar A V¹, Wangikar V D², Khaire B S³, Une V L⁴

Abstract

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is an ocular allergic disease predominantly observed in children and young adults living in warm climates. Specific allergens and non- specific stimuli cause mast cell degranulation and, probably, a lymphocyte mediated response. Disodium cromoglycate acts by blocking calcium channels in the mast cell membranes, thus prevents mast cell rupture and release of histamine and other autacoids. Present study was undertaken to study the effect of 2% cromolyn sodium in vernal kerato-conjunctivitis patients from a tertiary care centre in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra, India. Thirty one patients with clinically diagnosed bilateral vernal catarrh were included in the study. Concomitant use of inhaled or intranasal cromolyn sodium, contact lenses, ocular medications including steroids, antihistamines, NSAID, artificial tears was not allowed during the 6 week trial. The effect of 2 drops of 2% disodium cromoglycate eye drops 4 times a day in both the eyes for a period of 6 weeks was studied. Presence of symptoms and signs of vernal kerato-conjunctivitis was noted and described before and after treatment. Watering, Itching, Conjunctival injection, Conjunctival oedema and papillary hypertrophy reduced after 6 weeks in around 55%, 77%, 45%, 50% and 52% cases. There was a decline in limbal injection, limbal oedema, limbal papillae, tranta’s dots in approximately 33%, 33%, 43% and 44% cases respectively. An improvement of 46% was seen in superficial punctate keratitis whereas the presence of eosinophils in conjunctival scrapings declined by around 79% after treatment. Thus, 2% sodium cromoglycate was found to be an effective therapy in the treatment of vernal kerato-conjunctivitis.