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International Journal of Recent Trends in Science and Technology, ISSN 2277-2812 E-ISSN: 2249-8109
Volume 12, Issue 1, September 2014 pp 203-206
Research Article
Evaluation of non-HDL cholesterol as a cardiovascular risk marker in type II diabetic patients
Deepa M.1, Priyadarshini K. S.2, H. V. Shetty3, Usha S. M. R.4, Mamatha V.5
1,5III year Post Graduate and Tutor, 3HOD and Professor, 2,4Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, INDIA.
Abstract
Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients have higher risk of experiencing cardio vascular disease (CVD) events than normal healthy population. Diabetic dyslipidemia is the major contributor of CVD events. It commonly manifests with elevated triglycerides and low levels of HDL cholesterol with predominance of small dense LDL particles amidst relatively normal LDL-C cholesterol levels. In diabetics Non HDL Cholesterol is strong predictor of CVD than LDL-C or TG as it provides a single index of all the apo B containing atherogenic lipoproteins. The current study aims to evaluate the significance of Non-HDL cholesterol over LDL cholesterol levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and assess its role as a cardiovascular risk marker. Methadology: Hundred and four Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients between 30-70 years attending medicine OPD at RRMCH were included in the study group. Serum samples were analysed for Total Cholesterol (TC), HDL-C and LDL-C using ERBA EM 360, autoanalyser. Non HDL-C was calculated by subtracting HDL-C from TC (Non HDL-C=TC-HDL-C). Results: The mean ± SD of serum LDL-C in study group was 112.92 ± 29.59 mg/dl and the mean ± SD of serum Non HDL-C level was 146.40 ± 40.95 mg/dl. We further divided the study group into two sub groups. One subgroup with serum LDL-C values <100 mg/dl and the other with serum LDL-C values >100 mg/dl.34 patients (33%) had LDL-C values <100 mg/dl with mean ±SD of 83.97±12.05 mg/dl and Non HDL-C with mean ± SD of 109.78 ± 14.95mg/dl.70 patients (67%)had LDL-C values >100mg/dl with mean ± SD of 126.98 ± 24.99 mg/dl and Non HDL-C with mean ± SD of 164.19± 37.63 mg/dl.67% of type 2 diabetic patients had elevated Non HDL-c levels compared to LDL-C levels. Conclusions: Non HDL-C is a significant index of dyslipidemia among patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus compared to LDL-C. Advantages of Non HDL-C over LDL-C being cost effective, easily measured, independent of fasting state and hypertriglyceridemia which accompanies type 2 Diabetics. We conclude from our study that Non HDL cholesterol should be included in the lipid panel tests and treating Non-HDL cholesterol will reduce the cardiovascular disease mortality associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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