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International Journal of Recent Trends in Science and Technology, ISSN 2277-2812 E-ISSN: 2249-8109

Volume 12, Issue 2, September 2014 pp 315-322
Research Article

Spatial verification of SCS-CN and Φ-Index methods in correlation to land use/land cover and Soil characteristics

Varsha Mane^1*, Y B Katpatal², K R Aher³

¹Senior Geologist, ³Junior Geologist, Groundwater Survey and Development Agency, Maharashtra, INDIA.

2 Professor, Department of civil Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur (MS) INDIA.

Abstract

Groundwater recharge planning in microwatersheds is based on realistic information on infiltration characteristics. The present paper focuses on identification of infiltration characteristics within Mini watersheds by estimating runoff parameters and Φ-index. For this, the landuse /land cover and hydrological soil groups of the study area have been generated in GIS environment. By using landuse and soil classes, curve number has been generated. In the process, the SCS- CN method has been used to estimate runoff depth, peak discharge, and potential maximum retention, time of concentration and time to peak discharge for individual ten micro-watershed of the study area.  For computation of infiltration rate from rainfall runoff data, infiltration indices i.e. Φ -index has been used. The study reveals that the SCS-CN method can be significantly used to determine the runoff estimation with input of LU/LC from RS data in comparison to the rational method. The study also verifies the fact that the Φ-index is related to the landuse, especially vegetation intensity and soil type of the micro-watershed. Result shows that WGK-2, 1/10 micro-watershed having highest Φ–index (2.29 mm/day) value, lower runoff (711.3) and Curve number value (64.33), has 70% forest area and gravely sandy loam type of soil. WGK-2, 10/10 micro-watershed having lowest Φ–index (0.81 mm/day ) has higher runoff (807.29 mm) and Curve number value (84.7).