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International Journal of Recent Trends in Science and Technology, ISSN 2277-2812 E-ISSN: 2249-8109
Volume 16, Issue 1, Aug 2015 pp 56-60
Research Article
Potential drug interactions in chronic kidney disease patients - A cross sectional study
S Hegde1, P Udaykumar2, M S Manjuprasad3
1,3PG Student, 2Professor and HOD, Department of Pharmacology, Father Muller Medical College, Kankanady, Mangalore-575002, Karnataka, INDIA.
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major systemic condition whose prevalence is rising in India. Presence of comorbid conditions like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic bone disease and electrolyte disturbances along with the deteriorating renal function makes the management of CKD complex .The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of drug drug interactions in CKD patients. This was a prospective cross sectional study conducted in a tertiary care medical hospital in India. A total of 120 patients were enrolled and the list of drug interactions in them was analysed using drug interaction software. The mean age of the study group was 58.53±8.38 years. Hyperphosphataemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were among the frequently associated comorbid illnesses.146 potential drug drug interactions (PDDI) were found with an average of 2.39 interactions per patient. Of these 38.14% were mild, 45.36% were moderate and 16.41% were severe. Hypotension, hypertension, hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, anemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia were among the commonest outcomes of interactions. Sodium bicarbonate, ferrous sulfate, calcium carbonate, aspirin, pantoprazole, allopurinol were the drugs commonly involved in PDDI. There was a positive correlation between the age and number of interactions (Karl Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.607; p value<0.001) and the number of tablets and number of interactions (karl pearson coefficient: 0.876; p value<0.001). The prevalence of PDDI among CKD patients in this study was high (80.83%). Hence, rational prescription, early detection of harmful drug combinations and careful monitoring of these patients can prevent the occurrence of drug interactions.
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