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International Journal of Recent Trends in Science and Technology, ISSN 2277-2812 E-ISSN: 2249-8109

Volume 16, Issue 2, Sept 2015 pp 344-347

Research Article

Etiology and outcome of neonatal seizures in NICU, KIMS, Karad

Jaiom Dagar, Suryakant Ingale, Chandershekhar Aundhakar, Allapa Koppad, Siddharth Singh

Department of Paediatric, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, INDIA.

Abstract
Seizures frequency in the neonatal period is more than the remainder of childhood. Seizure is a common neurological disorder in neonatal age group. Primary metabolic derangement is one of the common reasons behind seizures during this period. Objective: To determine the incidence, type and aetiology of seizures in neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University. Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted in the NICU of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences from 1st January 2011 to 31 December 2013. During the study period, all admitted neonates were examined and records on neonatal seizures were collected. Neonates having seizures either at presentation or during their stay in the hospital were investigated. In order to determine the aetiology of seizures, metabolic profile and serum calcium and sodium levels were done in all cases. The data was recorded and analysed. Results: Out of 2990 neonates admitted, 87/2990 (2.9%) neonates had episodes of neonatal seizure. Out of 87 cases, 55 were male and 32 were female. Commonest type of seizures ob­served in this study were subtle (51.82%) followed by Clonic (48.92%), tonic (36.09%) and myoclonic (6.14%). The most common aetiology was perinatal asphyxia (54.02%), followed by metabolic disturbances (19.54%), infections (19.54%) and intracranial bleed (2.30%). In the present study 77.01% (67/87) cases of neonatal seizures recovered completely. 5.74% (5/87) were lost during study (discharged against medical advice) and 17.24% (15/87) of cases of neonatal seizures expired. Conclusion: Neonatal seizures were found in about 2.9% of NICU admissions and presented most commonly as subtle type. Birth asphyxia was the commonest aetiology followed by metabolic causes.