Abstract  Introduction: Caesarean delivery is one of the most commonly performed operations today. Caesarean births have become safer. Primary caesarean section in a multipara means first caesarean section done in the patients who had delivered vaginally once or more. Methods and Materials: It was a prospective hospital based observational study of primary caesarean sections performed in multiparous patients means those who had delivered viable fetus (i.e. 28 weeks of gestation or above) vaginally once or more conducted at Bharati Hospital, sangli in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. In this study analysis of the cases in relation to frequency and indications have been done. Results: The frequency of primary caesarean section in multiparae is 9.65% amongst multiparae who had previous vaginal delivery admitted in labour ward at BVDUMCH Sangli. Among the various indications for caesarian section in multipara preeclampsia and APH were the main causes followed by oligohydramnios and PROM. The percentage of primary C.S. in referred multiparae was 63.64% and in registered multiparae was 36.36%.Conclusion: Though vaginal delivery is always safer than Caesarean section, difficult vaginal delivery and obstructed labor carries more morbidity and perinatal mortality when compared to elective Caesarean section. Previous vaginal delivery gives the patient as well as her relatives a false sense of security. In many multigravidas, caesarean section becomes mandatory. The fact that a multipara has had one or more vaginal deliveries should be regarded as an optimistic historical fact, not as diagnostic criteria for spontaneous delivery of the pregnancy at hand.

Keywords: Caesarean section, Multiparae, Primiparae.