Abstract          Flexible fiber-optic bronchoscope revolutionized respiratory cytology, as techniques like bronchial brushings, broncho-alveolar lavage and bronchial biopsy became more easy, accessible and popular, shifting the emphasis from diagnosis of advanced malignancy in operable patients to the use of cytology as a first line diagnostic and management tool. Objective: To compare the yield of bronchial brushing and bronchoalveolar lavage cytology in lung cancer. Methodology: the present study was carried out at dr. S.C.G.M.C. Nanded, Maharashtra. In patients having lung cancer, bronchoscopy done and bal, bronchial brushing and endobronchial biopsy samples were collected. Comparison of yield of bronchial brushing and bronchoalveolar lavage cytology was done, in patients, in whome biopsy samples are positive for malignant cells. The statistical test( chi-square test) was applied to test the significance. Results: out of 56 patients bronchial brushing yielded 45 (80.35%) to be malignant as compared to bal cytology which yielded 15(26.78%) to be malignant. the difference in yield by both techniques was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: bronchial brushing has better diagnostic yield as compared to broncho Alveolar Lavage cytology in patients having lung cancer.