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International Journal of Recent Trends in Science and Technology, ISSN 2277-2812 E-ISSN: 2249-8109

Volume 5, Issue 2, 2012 pp 64-67

Research Article

Clinical Profile, Etiological Factors and Outcome of Acute Renal Failure in Children: A Clinical Study

Sk Mohammed Ajaz¹, Minhaj S Pathan^2*, Khaled Mohsin Badaam³

¹Consulting Paediatrician, Zulekha Hospital, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, INIDA.

²Associate Professor in Physiology, Dr. Ulhas Patil Medical College, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, INDIA.

³Assistant Professor in Physiology, Govt Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, INDIA.

Academic Editor:  Dr. Aher K. R.

Acute Renal failure is a syndrome characterised by acute decline in glomerular filtration rate leading to retention of nitrogenous wastes such as urea and creatinine.  56 Acute Renal Failure patients were included in the study who attended our hospital during the study period. Out of the total 56 patients included for the study analysis, 34 patients were males and 22 were females’ indicating that frequency of acute renal failure was more in males as compared to females with a male: female ratio of 1.54:1.  Children in the age group of 5-8 years were most commonly affected followed by children between 9-12 years, 1-4 years and less than one year in decreasing order. Oliguria was the most common presenting complaint in the patients. Vomiting, haematuria, fever were other common complaints. Intrinsic renal pathology was the commonest cause of acute renal failure in enrolled patients, followed by pre-renal and post-renal causes. Acute glomerulonephritis was the commonest etiology of intrinsic renal failure.  Age less than one year, female sex, Acute Tubular Necrosis, Obstructive Uropathy, Haemlytic Uremic syndrome, presence of CNS complications and prolonged oligoanuria were associated with poor prognosis. The mortality rate was 25% in the present study.